The truth is, not all vaginal odours mean something’s wrong. Some are entirely normal, while others might be a sign that something needs attention.
Let’s take a closer look at what can cause vaginal odour, what’s considered normal and when it might be time to seek support.
Why does my vagina smell?
It’s completely natural for your vagina to have some kind of smell – even healthy, clean vaginas have a mild odour. This subtle scent is likely down to a combination of a few things, including sweat, natural bacteria and vaginal discharge. It can also change throughout your menstrual cycle or after sex.
Some odours may be influenced by everyday lifestyle factors like hygiene habits, exercise or even the food you eat.
That said, if you notice a sudden change in odour – especially if it’s strong, unpleasant or fishy – it could be a sign of an underlying intimate health issue.
What can cause a smelly vaginal odour?
Vaginal odour can have a variety of causes – some totally harmless, others that might signal an underlying problem worth checking out. Understanding the common triggers may help you take steps towards feeling comfortable and confident again. Here are some of the main culprits.
Bacterial imbalance
When the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina is disrupted, it can lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV). This is one of the most common causes of a strong, fishy vaginal smell. BV happens when the levels of lactobacilli (‘good’ bacteria) drop, allowing other bacteria to multiply – and the vagina to lose its usual acidity.
Factors like new sexual partners, using vaginal washes or having an intrauterine device (IUD), such as a copper coil, can contribute to this imbalance.
Sweating
The groin is naturally warm and moist, which makes it the perfect environment for sweat – especially during exercise or in hot weather. When sweat mixes with natural bacteria, it can sometimes cause a noticeable odour. To keep things fresh, it’s a good idea to change out of sweaty clothes as soon as you can to avoid trapping heat and moisture.
Menstrual blood
It’s not unusual to notice a slight metallic scent during your period. This is usually due to the iron in menstrual blood.
A slightly different or stronger smell during your period is nothing to worry about. This type of smell is completely normal and should settle down once your period finishes.
Sexual activity
Sex can also cause your vagina to produce a different smell. Semen can temporarily change the pH of your vagina, which may affect how it smells. Semen has its own distinct odour. When it mixes with the bacteria in the vagina, you might notice a ‘tangy’ smell after sex.
STIs
Certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs), like trichomoniasis (a parasitic infection), can cause an unpleasant, fishy-smelling odour. Trichomoniasis often comes with other symptoms too, such as frothy, yellow-green discharge, soreness, itching or discomfort.
Other bacterial STIs, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, may also trigger an unpleasant odour. If you suspect an STI, getting tested and treated is the best way to take care of your health – and your peace of mind.
If your symptoms are persistent, worsening or just don’t feel normal for you, don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for reassurance and support.
How do I know if I have an intimate health condition?
Vaginal odour on its own isn’t always a cause for concern. But if you notice other symptoms alongside the smell, it might be a good idea to speak to a healthcare professional.
Watch out for:
- Itching or irritation
- Soreness
- Pain or burning sensation when peeing
- Unusual vaginal discharge (change in colour, amount or texture)
- Pain or discomfort during sex
For example, a fishy smell with thin grey discharge may indicate BV, while a foul smell with frothy yellow-green discharge may suggest trichomoniasis.
To help identify the cause of your symptoms, you could try the Canestest® Self-Test for Vaginal Infections. This simple at-home test quickly provides results with over 90% accuracy.
Preventing and managing vaginal odour
Managing an unpleasant vaginal smell depends on what’s causing it. Here are some simple steps you can take to feel more comfortable and in control of your intimate health.
Practise good intimate hygiene
Keeping your vulva clean and dry is one of the easiest and most effective ways to help prevent everyday odour.
Use warm water and avoid scented soaps, douches or intimate sprays, as these can disrupt your natural balance and may increase your chances of infection. Gently pat the area dry with a clean, soft towel after washing and make it a regular part of your self-care routine.
Choose breathable underwear and comfortable clothing
Wearing loose-fitting clothes and cotton underwear allows your intimate area to breathe. This helps reduce sweating and moisture, which can contribute to odour. Steer clear of synthetic fabrics and tight-fitting trousers or leggings, as these can trap heat and increase the risk of irritation or infection.
Use protection during sex
Sex can temporarily change your vaginal pH. Using condoms not only helps protect against STIs but also supports a balanced environment. If you use sex toys, remember to clean them thoroughly before and after each use to keep things fresh and safe.
Treat underlying infections
If an imbalance like bacterial vaginosis is causing the odour, finding the right symptom treatment is key to feeling better.
If you see your doctor or local sexual health clinic about possible BV, they may prescribe you antibiotic tablets, gels or creams to treat it.
BV symptoms can also be treated at home with an internal gel or pessary – treatments like Canesbalance® Bacterial Vaginosis Vaginal Gel are designed to restore your natural vaginal pH and reduce unpleasant odours and discharge.
Canesbalance® also comes in a pessary (vaginal tablets) format. Canesbalance® Bacterial Vaginosis Vaginal Pessaries is a mess-free, easy-to-use alternative to gels that can effectively treat BV symptoms.
Canesbalance® treatments are used daily for seven days.
Always remember to read the label and follow the instructions carefully. If you’re unsure which treatment is right for you or if symptoms persist, consult a healthcare professional to get the support and guidance you need.
When to see a doctor
Most of the time, vaginal odour isn't a cause for concern. But sometimes it’s worth checking in with a professional – for example, if you have a concerning change in your usual vaginal odour that lasts for several days, or if you develop symptoms like:
- Discomfort during sex
- Irritation
- Itching
- Pain
- Redness and swelling
- Unusual discharge
There’s absolutely no shame in seeking help. In fact, it’s a positive and proactive step towards taking care of your intimate health.
Having a vaginal odour is completely normal. But if something smells different, it’s okay to ask questions – it’s your body, and you know it best.
You’re not alone, either. Many women experience changes in their intimate health, and with the right information and support, you can find relief. Whether it’s adjusting your hygiene routine or exploring treatment options, there are ways to manage symptoms and feel more like you again.
